KRAS and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Notably, mutations such as EGFR exon 19 deletions and p.L858R, KRAS codon 12 substitutions (e.g., p.G12C and p.G12V), BRAF p.V600E, and canonical RET fusions (KIF5B–RET, CCDC6–RET) are exceedingly rare in normal somatic tissues and are considered hallmark somatic events in non-small cell lung cancer.