CXCL8 and neoplasm: Furthermore, along with these cytokines, CC and C-X-C chemokines including CCL2, CCL22, CCR4, CCL17, CXCL2, CXCR2, CXCL8, CXCL13, CXCL5, CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL12, and CXCR4 play a critical role in pathogenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and immunosuppressive TME in PCa (Figure 2) [15].