ITPR1 and cancer: Moreover, studies have demonstrated that ROS can disrupt calcium homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by impairing the gating functions of ryanodine receptors (RyR) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) while simultaneously inhibiting Ca2+-ATPase activity, thereby inducing cancer cell apoptosis [90,91].