In terms of molecular function (MF), the hub genes exhibited antioxidant activity, NADH dehydrogenase activity and tumour necrosis factor receptor binding (Figure 5A–C), and KEGG pathway analysis further revealed that the hub genes were significantly enriched in the primary immunodeficiency, oxidative phosphorylation and T cell receptor signalling pathways (Figure 5D). Here, ENSG00000254051 is linked to inborn error of immunity.