NFKB1 and cancer: Additionally, NF-κB sustains proliferative signals by acting downstream of proto-oncogenes such as Ras and c-Myc, with gain-of-function mutations in Ras superfamily members sustaining NF-κB activity in cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma, where IKKβ/NF-κB inhibition suppresses tumorigenesis [245].