Among DPP-4 inhibitors, vildagliptin and linagliptin have demonstrated potential in alleviating lung injury, especially pulmonary fibrosis, including improving pulmonary microvascular barrier integrity and reducing inflammation16 However, while both agents have shown protective effects in lung disease models, no prior study has directly compared the effects of vildagliptin and linagliptin on pyroptosis, particularly the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathway, in the context of lung injury associated with diabetes. Here, NLRP3 is linked to diabetes mellitus.