HSPA8 and viral infectious disease: Three host factors, HSP90ab1, HSC70, and Nectin1, have been identified as entry receptors of NNV (Chang and Chi, 2015; Zhang et al., 2020, n.d.); however, disrupting their interaction with cells does only partially hinder viral infection, suggesting that NNV likely utilizes additional, yet unidentified host receptors or co-receptors.