This study also highlighted the significant roles of extracellular matrix proteins (PLOD2, OGN, and LUM) and membrane proteins (TYROBP, AOC3, SLC16A3, TCIRG1, and NCEH1) in RA pathogenesis, emphasizing their contributions to inflammation, tissue remodeling, and joint destruction. Here, PLOD2 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.