This study also highlighted the significant roles of extracellular matrix proteins (PLOD2, OGN, and LUM) and membrane proteins (TYROBP, AOC3, SLC16A3, TCIRG1, and NCEH1) in RA pathogenesis, emphasizing their contributions to inflammation, tissue remodeling, and joint destruction. The gene discussed is LUM; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.