The mechanism of action was suggested to be that PS suppresses the rise in blood glucose levels, inhibits the production of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, inhibits the activation of glia cells, inhibits hippocampal atrophy, and improves hyperglycemia-induced cognitive impairment, including the repair of brain organs, in response to inflammatory cognitive impairment caused by hyperglycemia. Here, TNF is linked to hippocampal atrophy.