Nowadays, in first-line PD-L1-positive [36,37,38] or PD-L1-negative mNSCLC patients [8,9,39,40,41,42] or those with unresectable locally advanced NSCLC after definitive chemoradiation [5], ICIs represent cutting-edge technology, being the first choice of treatment highly endorsed by international guidelines [4,6,7]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.