In conclusion, this study underscores the pivotal role of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and identifies four key CS-DEGs (CDKN2A, VEGFA, SOX2, and FOXO3) as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and targets for therapy. This evidence concerns the gene SOX2 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.