MiR-34a is released in EVs from senescent airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD and transmits senescence to normal recipient cells, with a decrease in SIRT1 and an increase in p16, p21, SA-β-gal, and SASP mediators (Devulder et al, 2025). This evidence concerns the gene CDKN2A and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.