However, existing research still has the following limitations: most models rely on a single DCE sequence, failing to systematically evaluate the complementary value of multi-parameter imaging such as T2-weighted fat-suppressed (T2FS) sequence and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC); the potential impact of peritumoral microenvironment heterogeneity on HER2 status remains underexplored; the synergistic predictive efficacy between conventional imaging features, such as tumor morphology and enhancement kinetics, and radiomics features is still unclear. This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and neoplasm.