Concurrently, other clinical first-line drugs, such as SGLT-2 inhibitors, PPAR-γ agonists, GLP-1R agonists, and statins, while correcting the metabolic dysfunctions associated with NAFLD progression, also induce adverse effects including genitourinary infections, gastrointestinal reactions, worsening of heart failure, and osteoporosis (Hameed et al., 2023; Park et al., 2023; Wang Z. et al., 2023; Yang T. et al., 2024). This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.