TGFB1 and neoplasm: The CCL2/CCR2 axis demonstrates context-dependent duality: while driving Ly6C+ monocyte recruitment to fuel atherosclerotic plaque progression, it simultaneously polarizes tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward immunosuppressive M2 phenotypes through IL-10 and TGF-β secretion, shaping an immune-evasive niche (de Visser and Joyce, 2023).