CD274 and neoplasm: Efficacy can be influenced by factors such as PD-L1 expression status, and a substantial proportion of patients exhibit only modest responses or derive no clinical benefit.[11] Underscoring this unmet need, efficacy data reveal a median objective response rate (ORR) of merely ~6.8% with second-line treatments, highlighting the urgent requirement for enhanced therapeutic strategies.[12] Compounding these challenges is the growing understanding that resistance to current therapies, including ICIs, is deeply rooted in the complex biology of the tumor and its microenvironment (TME).