MGMT and neoplasm: Citation burst analysis (Fig. 5) revealed that early research (2014–2017) emphasized foundational topics such as “cerebral gliomas” and “angiogenesis.” From 2018 onward, attention shifted toward practical applications, exemplified by “diagnostic accuracy” and “MGMT promoter methylation.” More recent trends (2022–2024) featured emerging imaging technologies (e.g., “photoacoustic imaging”) and interest in the “tumor microenvironment.”