CD274 and lung carcinoma: In patients with lung cancer, the efficiency of immunotherapy is very different, and most patients experience disease progression while undergoing treatment or after treatment discontinuation.8 Some established biomarkers, such as PD-L1 expression and tumor mutation burden (TMB), have proven to be powerful predictors of the effect of PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.9 However, in clinical practice, many patients undergo immunotherapy without undergoing genetic testing.