TNF and cancer: However, even though SFV/TNFα-treated cancer cells secreted TNFα, IL-6, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL7 and CCL20, macrophages treated with this medium were similar to the SFV/Luc group and differed only in the induction of Mmp2, Mmp9, Mmp14, Ccl22, Cepbd and Marco. Despite being well-documented in previous studies, the effects of TNFα on macrophages—including the induction of Il1b and Plaur [71]—were not observed in this study.