It is noteworthy that ICI therapy may also induce other cardiovascular IRAEs, including vasculitis (79), pericarditis (80), and arrhythmias, such as supraventricular arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, and conduction disturbances (81).Also in this case, the risk of serious cardiovascular IRAEs is higher with the dual checkpoint inhibition (anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4) than with monotherapy (9). Here, PDCD1 is linked to vasculitis.