(2)The extracellular matrix surrounding the tumor contains hyaluronic acid, collagen, and endothelial cells and releases proinflammatory cytokines,55 which in turn activate the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β, and IL-8 and vascular adhesion molecules. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neoplasm.