Unlike intestinal phagocytes, Peyer's patches macrophages retain pro‐inflammatory functions, primarily defending against foreign particles and initiating adaptive immunity, rather than acquiring anti‐inflammatory properties.[20] Consistent with this, indirubin‐treated colitis mice exhibited upregulated pro‐inflammatory IL‐6 and IFN‐γ expression in Peyer's patches compared to vehicle controls, while anti‐inflammatory IL‐10 expression remained unchanged (Figure 3G). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and colitis.