Notably, NfL levels were significantly higher in the cardiometabolic/inflammatory pattern compared to the other two patterns (NfL levels in cardiometabolic/inflammatory: β 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23–0.40; in anemia/sensory impairment: β: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.06–0.21; in psychiatric/respiratory/musculoskeletal: β: 0.02; 95% CI: −0.05, 0.09). Here, NEFL is linked to anemia.