Specifically, they target molecules such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which play key roles in pancreatic cancer progression6–8. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and pancreatic neoplasm.