We injected either DMG cells (‘‘MADR’’) or control cells (Neuro-2a mouse neuroblast cells expressing the mTmG construct but no oncogenes,43 ‘‘mTmG’’) into the pons or thalamus of 4-week-old immunocompetent mice (ChAT-IRES-Cre+/wt × Ai230flx/wt) and assessed cholinergic neuronal activity by expression of the immediate early gene cFos within both midbrain cholinergic nuclei after 4 weeks of tumor growth (Figure 6A; Figure S11A). The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is neoplasm.