Cholinergic signaling through muscarinic receptors is required for glandular organogenesis70 and has emerged as a frequent mechanism regulating tumor pathophysiology, evident not only in brain tumors as explored here, but also in diverse cancer types including gastric,71 colon,72 and prostate cancers.73 Blocking M1 and M3 muscarinic receptors demonstrates the therapeutic potential of targeted muscarinic receptor inhibition for DMG. This evidence concerns the gene CHRM3 and cancer.