C9orf72 ALS (C9-ALS) models show phenotypes such as RNA foci or dipeptide repeat-related pathologies in neurons as reviewed recently (Giacomelli et al., 2022) including neurotoxic effects mediated by C9-microglia in co-culture platforms (Vahsen et al., 2022). Here, C9orf72 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.