A study performed in primary human fibroblasts derived from PD patients harboring PD associated mutations in LRRK2 (G2019S) exhibited alterations in mitochondrial respiration, reduced mitochondrial-derived ATP levels and fragmented mitochondria [194, 195], presumably by directly associating with the mitochondrial fission regulator Drp1. Here, LRRK2 is linked to Parkinson disease.