NDRG1 and neoplasm: Specifically, lymph node metastasis (HR = 1.897, 95% CI: 1.113–3.234, p = 0.019), advanced tumor stage (III/IV) (HR = 2.203, 95% CI: 1.050–4.619, p = 0.037), and high NDRG1 expression (HR = 1.885, 95% CI: 1.209–2.937, p = 0.005) were all significantly associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes.