Although Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) and Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have brought new hope to metastatic NPC patients in recent years, there are still some challenges and limitations, such as drug resistance and economic burden associated with long-term use (13, 14). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is nasopharyngeal carcinoma.