Mangiferin was identified from the rhizomes of Anemarrhena, while cinnamic acid was identified from the branches of Cinnamomum cassia, both serving as representative bioactive compounds of Baihu Guizhi Tang, an anti-rheumatic prescription derived from traditional Chinese medicine; the combination of mangiferin and cinnamic acid exerted a similar clinical efficacy with Baihu-Guizhi decoction in alleviating rat rheumatoid arthritis by targeting TLR4/PI3K/AKT/NF-kB signaling to suppress the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the modulation of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis (38, 39). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and rheumatoid arthritis.