Further studies showed that baicalin or baicalein significantly reduced oxidative stress in MAFLD mice and NASH rats by upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in the liver and increasing the activities of SOD and catalase, thereby protecting the liver from ROS -induced damage was protected and preventing further damage (Xin et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.