GZMA and neoplasm: When granzymes directly cleave and activate gasdermins to induce cell death, the expression of gasdermins in tumor cells can convert immune cell-mediated killing into inflammatory pyroptosis (43, 49), in which granzyme B cleaves gasdermin E, while granzyme A cleaves gasdermin B. As a transcription factor, TP53 directly regulates the expression of approximately 500 genes, many of which are involved in cell cycle arrest/senescence, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair—cellular responses that collectively prevent tumorigenesis (50, 51).