IL6 and chronic kidney disease: We found that IS induced upregulation of inflammatory factors in an ECM‐dependent manner (Figure S8, Supporting Information), including CXCL12, IL‐6, and IL‐18, which each have been shown to correlate with cardiovascular events in patients with CKD.[59, 60, 61] We then measured expression of cell adhesion markers previously shown to modulate interactions between monocytes and ECs via western blot of HUVECs cultured on 2.5 and 6 mg mL−1 collagen hydrogels with and without IS treatment (Figure4A).