In this study, after injecting circulating EVs from mice after anesthesia surgery into control mice, recipient mice exhibited delirium‐like behavioral changes, microglial activation in the hippocampal CA1 area, increased levels of pro‐inflammatory factors TNF‐α, IL‐β, and IL‐6 in the hippocampal tissue, and damage to neurons and synapses. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is delirium.