Medium expression levels of PPM1F were observed in various colon carcinoma lines (DLD-1, HCT-116, HT-29, SW480), embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) and in glioblastoma cells (A172, U-138MG), while carcinoma cells derived from liver (HepG2) or genital tract (HeLa) showed low levels and gastric carcinoma cells (AGS cells) had no detectable PPM1F expression (Fig. 1 G). Here, PPM1F is linked to colon carcinoma.