RT‐qPCR results indicated that compared to the oe‐NC group, the mRNA levels of the M1 TAMs cytokines CD80, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 were significantly upregulated in the tumor tissues of mice in the oe‐NC+M2pep‐Cs NPs/Plerixafor group; while, the mRNA levels of the M2 TAMs cytokines CD206 and IL‐10 were significantly downregulated. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and neoplasm.