In contrast, our GWAS explored various genes (AK3, TRPM3, CDH4, LINC00504, GRIN2D, HPGD, RC3H2, PCSK6, NPAS3, and DMXL2), which had significantly variable impacts on clinical outcomes of DOX after TACE in HCC patients. Here, HPGD is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.