Mechanistic studies have shown that oxidative stress further upregulates 5-LOX expression by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, forming a vicious cycle of “oxidative stress-lipid peroxidation”, which leads to impaired humoral immune function and the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), thereby promoting tumor immune escape (160). The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is neoplasm.