PDCD1 and neoplasm: With regard to median survival time of MC38-tumor-bearing mice, a median survival time of 23 days was observed in control group, while the median survival time after treatment of PD-1, L.p R3, or PD-1 + L.p R3 in the MC38-tumor-bearing mice were 24, 26, and 29 days, respectively (Figure 2C).