ICAM1 and Hyperglycemia: Hyperglycemia further disrupts immune responses via multi-level metabolic disturbances: renal intrinsic cells, including tubular epithelial and mesangial cells, secrete MCP-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) under sorbitol-induced osmotic stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, specifically recruiting circulating monocytes to differentiate into pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages.