LIF and genital herpes: Secondly, PBMC from HSV-2 meningitis patients had significantly higher de-novo production of Th1 and inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8 and LIF) after exposure to replicating HSV-2 (Figures 5A–D) which indicate that PBMC from HSV-2 meningitis patients react to the virus with a stronger inflammatory and recall T-cell mediated immune response than PBMC from patients with HSV-2 genital herpes.