A systematic review and meta-analysis reported that CPI-DM, often developing within three months of initial PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor exposure, typically presents with acute diabetic complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis, characterized by rapid onset and severe hyperglycemia, with a higher rate of diabetic ketoacidosis observed in individuals testing positive for T1D-associated autoantibodies (74). Here, CD274 is linked to diabetes mellitus.