TG and nodular goiter: We further excluded 9,152 for screening-detected thyroid cancer, follicular adenoma, or nodular goiter; a diagnosis of diffuse goiter on palpation only; subclinical or overt hypo- or hyperthyroidism, or autoimmune thyroiditis; thyroid hormone therapy during screening; missing TSH or Tg measurements; missing urinary iodine concentration; inconsistencies in laboratory measurements; or thyroid doses ≥100 mGy.