This is the case overall for associations between natalizumab and cervical abnormalities24,25 with larger studies, including a Swedish registry and the AFFIRM trial, reporting no significant increased risk of cervical cancer; one case of cervical carcinoma in situ was reported in AFFIRM.26 Glatiramer acetate and interferon-beta have not been linked to cervical cancer risk in MS,27 while fingolimod and cladribine have been linked to increased cervical abnormalities.6 This evidence concerns the gene IFNB1 and cervical carcinoma.