MTOR and cancer: This combination was found to be more effective than radiotherapy alone in inhibiting the growth of chondrosarcoma xenografts, indicating that such approaches could enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy in rib chondrosarcoma.[26] Moreover, multimodal treatment strategies that combine carbon ion irradiation with molecular treatments, such as miRNA-34 and mTOR inhibitors, have been explored to target cancer stem cells in high-grade chondrosarcoma.