In pediatric participants (<15 years), those with schistosomiasis had significantly higher IL-4 levels (median: 279.7 pg/mL, IQR: 188.7–444.7) compared to uninfected counterparts (median: 28.5 pg/mL, IQR: 14.9–100), p < 0.0001, Table 2. Here, IL4 is linked to schistosomiasis.