HBD and thalassemia: While whole genome sequencing, exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and methylation sequencing are widely used NGS applications, targeted sequencing is the most effective and economical approach for thalassemia, covering indels and point mutations in the HBA, HBB, Hemoglobin Subunit Delta (HBD) and Hemoglobin Subunit Gamma (HBG) genes.11