MALAT1 and Beta-thalassemia: Several studies have reported various mechanisms of regulation of lncRNA in the expression of the gamma-globin gene.40, 41, 42, 43 The lncRNAs, like Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1), Myocardial Infarction Associated Transcript (MIAT), Antisense Non-coding RNA in the Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 Locus (H19 and ANRIL), are differentially expressed in beta-thalassemia, thereby acting in a putative role in beta-thalassemia pathophysiology.43