Conversely, TAMs may promote tumourigenesis by supporting tumour invasion, angiogenesis, or the expression of immunosuppressive molecules (3,4,11), including IL-10, TGFβ, and immune checkpoint ligands such as PD-L1, which inhibit cytotoxic T-cell immunosurveillance (12). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.