SPOP and neoplasm: In PCa, SPOP functions as a tumor suppressor, regulating cell proliferation/migration/invasion 14,30,38-47, drug resistance 35,48-51, DNA damage response (DDR) 52-55, X-chromosome inactivation 56, metabolic processes 57-59, cellular senescence 60, lymphocyte infiltration 61,62, stem cell-like properties 63,64, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis 65.