ACOD1 and neoplasm: To confirm the Irg1-derived cell type, we inoculated 3×105 B16-F10-OVA tumor cells subcutaneously into Irg1f/f Lyz2 cre+ and Irg1f/f Lyz2 cre- mice, which Irg1 deficiency specifically in macrophages (Figure S3A), and treated them with OVA-LNP on day 7 when tumor volume reached to 50mm3, followed by a boost dose on day 12.